Vowel

あいうえお — The Vowel Row

01

Why start here?

Japanese has only five vowel sounds, and they never change. Where English 'a' shifts across cat, car, able, any, about, the Japanese あ is always the same crisp 'a'. Learn these five and every other kana is just a consonant plus one of them: か = k + a, さ = s + a, た = t + a.

Memory trick: read aloud “ah, ee, ooh, eh, oh” in order — that's the actual vowel sequence, short and consistent every time.
02

Pronunciation at a glance

KanaRomajiPronunciation
aLike "a" in "father"
iLike "ee" in "feet"
uLike "oo" in "food", but with unrounded lips
eLike "e" in "pet"
oLike "o" in "go", but shorter
03

Words you can read with just the vowels

You don't need the rest of the chart to start reading real Japanese. These everyday words are built entirely from the five vowels. Print these as flashcards →

ailove
aoblue · green
iehouse
ueabove, on top
oinephew
auto meet
iuto say
ouking
iigood
iieno
aoiblue, pale
eeyes (casual)
uofish
ooimany
aaah, oh
04

What's next

Once you can read and write all five vowels reliably, the next step is the か-row (か き く け こ) — the same five vowels with a 'k' in front. From there the chart fills in one consonant family at a time.